Difference between Nephrotic and Nephritic syndrome

The difference between Nephrotic and Nephritic syndrome is something easy to forget, especially since the words are almost identical. On a simple level, just remember that Nephrotic syndrome involves the loss of a lot of protein, whereas Nephritic syndrome involves the loss of a lot of blood.>

Nephrotic Syndrome

Proteinurea (>3.5g in 24hrs)
++++ Protein
Urine looks frothy
Tip: Nephrotic and Protein both have an “O” which may help you remember!
.
Hypoalbuminaemia
Albumin is lost in the urine
Due to gaps in Podocytes allowing proteins to escape
.
Oedema
Swelling around ankles  and  eyes
Due to loss of albumin
Intravascular oncotic pressure ↓
Fluid moves out of vessels
.
Hyperlipidemia
Not really understood why this happens
Just a case of remembering it does!

Nephritic Syndrome

Haematuria
+++ Blood – May be microscopic or macroscopic haematuria
Red cell casts – distinguishing feature, form in nephrons  and  indicate glomerular damage
Podocytes develop large pores which allow blood  and  protein through
.
Proteinurea
++ Protein (small amount)
.
Hypertension
Usually only mild
.
Low urine volume <300ml/day
Due to renal function been poor

Posted in: Pathology,Physiology